November 1, 2025
Two Truths and a Lie About Prostate Cancer: Separating Fact from Fiction
Prostate cancer is the most common non-skin cancer in men, affecting about one in eight during their lifetime. Yet, for a disease so prevalent, there's a surprising amount of confusion and misinformation swirling around it. So, let's play a game of "Two Truths and a Lie" to clarify the facts and encourage open conversations about this critical men's health issue.
Below are three statements about prostate cancer. Two are accurate, and one is a common myth. Read carefully and see if you can spot the deception!
Statement A: A high PSA level is a definitive diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Statement B: Black men face a higher risk of developing and dying from prostate cancer.
Statement C: In its early stages, prostate cancer often has no noticeable symptoms.
Ready for the answers? Let's debunk the lie and reinforce the truths that could save lives.
The Lie: Statement A
Statement A: A high PSA level is a definitive diagnosis of prostate cancer.
A high PSA level as a definitive cancer indicator is a common and dangerous misconception. A high PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) test result does not automatically mean a man has cancer.
The Truth: PSA is a protein produced by prostate cells, and its levels can be elevated for several reasons other than cancer. Non-cancerous conditions like Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), which is an age-related enlargement of the prostate, or even a prostate infection (prostatitis), can cause your PSA to rise.
The PSA test is a valuable screening tool because it helps flag an issue that might warrant further investigation, such as a biopsy. Furthermore, it provides an important baseline and helps track changes over time. Always discuss your PSA results and personal risk factors with your healthcare provider to determine the proper next steps.
The Truths
Statement B: Black men face a higher risk of developing and dying from prostate cancer.
Higher prostate cancer risk among black men is, unfortunately, a TRUE statistic and a crucial fact for preventative care.
The Facts: Black men are about 70% more likely to develop prostate cancer and are more than twice as likely to die from the disease compared to White men. They also tend to be diagnosed at a younger age and with more aggressive forms of the cancer.
The Action: Because of this elevated risk, major health organizations recommend that black men begin discussions about prostate cancer screening with their doctor much earlier – often around age 40 or 45, compared to age 50 for men at average risk. This early intervention is key to detecting the disease when it is most treatable.
Statement C: In its early stages, prostate cancer often has no noticeable symptoms.
The virtual absence of symptoms in the early stages of prostate cancer is also TRUE and highlights the importance of regular screening.
The Facts: Unlike some other cancers, prostate cancer in its early, localized stage often grows slowly and doesn't cause any immediate symptoms. Men may feel perfectly healthy and only learn they have cancer through routine screening tests like the PSA blood test or a Digital Rectal Exam (DRE).
When symptoms do appear, they are often nonspecific and can mimic those of other, less severe conditions, such as BPH. These might include difficulty urinating, a weak or interrupted urine stream, or frequent urination. By the time symptoms are severe or include blood in the urine or semen, the cancer may be more advanced.
The Takeaway: Relying on symptoms alone is a mistake. Men at high risk, including those over 50, black men, and those with a strong family history of prostate cancer, should talk to their doctor about a screening plan tailored to their individual risk profile.
The Final Word
Prostate cancer is a serious health concern, but when caught early, the five-year survival rate is nearly 100%. Don't let myths or the absence of symptoms lull you into a false sense of security. Knowing the facts about your risk – especially related to age, race, and family history – and discussing screening with your doctor are the most powerful steps you can take to protect your health. Remember, early detection through regular screening can significantly improve the chances of successful treatment.
